DORDT COLLEGE ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
LINEAR CIRCUITS AND ELECTRONICS -- EGR 220
(SPRING 2004)
Course grades were turned in to the Registrar at 3:10 PM on
Tuesday, 5/11.
Click this note on cached pages and handouts if you are
having difficulty seeing the latest version of this page.
PROBLEM SETS (Last update:
------------ 5/03/04 4:38 pm)
Homework must adhere to reasonable standards.
(Old notes on homework are archived at the end of this section.)
+===============================================================+
|PS|ASSIGNED| DUE |RETURNED| Problems Assigned (In Dorf & |
| #| / \ | (Svoboda unless otherwise noted) |
|==+=======+=======+=======+====================================|
| | 4/28 | --- | --- | Review your notes, labs, homework. |
| | | | | Plan to bring questions to the |
| | | | | review class on Friday, 4/30 |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|38| 4/28 | 4/30 | | P11.5-3, P11.6-6, P12.4-1 |
| | | 5/03 | 5/03#| |
| | |by Noon| 4:37pm| Hints on P11.6-6: |
| | | |Pick up| 1) The lamp and kitchen range are |
| | | |your HW| resistive loads. They have |
| | | |from | a power factor of 1. |
| | | |the | 2) In part c, you can disconnect |
| | | |plastic| the range without changing the |
| | | |bin | neutral current. |
| | | |near | |
| | | |the egr| (At the request of the class, the |
| | | |pod. | due date was changed from 5/4 to |
| | | | | 5/3 so that the homework could be |
| | | | | returned prior to class.) |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|37| 4/26 | 4/28 | | P11.3-3, P11.4-1, P11.4-4, P11.4-5 |
| | | 4/30 | 5/01#| |
| | | |Pick up| Note on P11.3-3--work this problem |
| | | |your HW| in the phasor domain to find node |
| | | |from | voltages. Then convert to time |
| | | |the | domain and find the power. |
| | | |plastic| Eq. 11.3-3 on page 472 is helpful. |
| | | |bin | |
| | | |near | Hint for P11.4-4. The form of the |
| | | |the egr| equation for i(t) in the first half|
| | | |pod. | of its cycle is "A - Acos(wt)." |
| | | | | |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|36| 4/23 | 4/26 | | P10.8-3 |
| | | 4/28 | 4/30#| (In class on 4/26, problems |
| | | | | P11.3-3 and P11.4-1 were delayed |
| | | | | to the next assignment.) |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|35| 4/21 | 4/23 | | P10.5-4, P10.6-2, P10.7-3 |
| | | 4/26 | 4/28#| Note on P10.5-4: the "j15" in the |
| | | | | exponent is 15 degrees. It needs |
| | | | | to be converted to radians if your |
| | | | | calculator takes radians. |
| | | | | |
| | | | | For problem P10.7-3 the answer is |
| | | | | a schematic--a redrawn version of |
| | | | | the given schematic with the |
| | | | | source values as phasors and the |
| | | | | circuit element values as |
| | | | | impedances. |
| | | | | |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|34| 4/19 | 4/21 | | Three problems: |
| | | 4/23 | 4/26#| P9.3-1, DP9.9, P10.3-6 |
| | | | | |
| | | | | Notes on P9.3-1 |
| | | | | --------------- |
| | | | | You have already done this one via |
| | | | | the direct method. Now repeat it |
| | | | | using the operator method. Recall |
| | | | | that you should solve for vC with |
| | | | | the "+" label on the top of the |
| | | | | capacitor. |
| | | | | |
| | | | | Notes on DP9.9 |
| | | | | -------------- |
| | | | | You have already found the |
| | | | | differential equation. Now finish |
| | | | | the solution. You may use PSpice |
| | | | | as the hint suggests our any other |
| | | | | method you have confidence in. |
| | | | | Other computer programs that are |
| | | | | capable of solving this problem |
| | | | | include Matlab, Mathcad and Derive.|
| | | | | |
| | | | | Some additional hints for PSpice...|
| | | | | The initial conditions can be |
| | | | | included with the IC=x command e.g.|
| | | | | C1 1 0 0.33333 IC=10 |
| | | | | L1 1 2 (value) IC=(value) |
| | | | | For details, see here and here. |
| | | | | An appropriate transient analysis |
| | | | | can be invoked with this line: |
| | | | | .TRAN 0.5 5 0 0.01 UIC |
| | | | | For details on ".tran" see here. |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|33| 4/16 | 4/19 | | P9.3-1 Note: The problem statement |
| | | 4/21 | 4/23#| should read, "Find the differential|
| | | | | equation for vC in the circuit..." |
| | | | | Also, put the "+" label for vC on |
| | | | | the top node of the capacitor. |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|32| 4/14 | 4/16 | | P9.3-2 using the "operator method" |
| | | 4/19 | 4/21#| as stated in the problem. Recall |
| | | | | that you should solve for iL. |
| | | | | DP9.9 except only find the diff. |
| | | | | equation for i(t) given t > 0. |
| | | | | Leave L as an unknown constant. |
| | | | | You may use any method. |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|31| 4/12 | 4/14 | | P9.3-2, except use the "direct |
| | | 4/16 | 4/19#| method." Note: The problem |
| | | | | statement should read, "Find the |
| | | | | differential equation for iL in the|
| | | | | circuit shown. . . " (In class on |
| | | | | 4/12 this assignment was changed |
| | | | | to omit the "operator method.") |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|30| 4/09 | 4/12 | 4/19#| P8.4-4, P8.6-1, P8.6-4 |
| | | 4/14 | | |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|29| 4/07 | 4/09 | | P8.3-9, P8.4-1 Note: See errata for|
| | | 4/12 | 4/14#| correct answer to P8.4-1 |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|28| 4/05 | 4/07 | | P8.3-1, P8.3-8 |
| | | 4/09 | 4/12#| Note on P8.3-1: the correct answer |
| | | | | is 6 - 2exp(-1333t) volts, t in s |
| | | | | or in better form, |
| | | | | 6 - 2exp(-t/750 us) volts |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|27| 3/31 | 4/05 | 4/09#| P7.6-3, P7.9-1, P7.9-5 |
| | | 4/07 | | |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
| | 3/31 | 4/02 | --- | Study for the test on Friday. |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|26| 3/24 | 3/31 | | P7.6-1, P7.7.1, P7.8-1 |
| | | 4/07 | 4/09#| Note: on Thurs, 3/25 the due dates |
| | | | | for this assignment were changed |
| | | | | from 3/26, 3/29 to 3/29, 3/31. On |
| | | | | 3/26 the dates were changed again |
| | | | | to 3/31, 4-05. On 4/05 the last |
| | | | | due date was changed to 4/07. |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|25| 3/10 | ---- | | Lab assignment. Turn in one set |
| | | 3/24 | | of solutions per team. A set of |
| | | | | solutions includes a schematic with|
| | | | | part names (R1, Vs, etc.) and node |
| | | | | numbers shown (drawn by hand is OK)|
| | | | | the *.OUT file, and for transient |
| | | | | solutions, a printout from "Probe."|
| | | | | |
| | | | | SP4-3, SP5-3, SP8-1 |
| | | | | |
| | | | | There will be no peer grading on |
| | | | | this assignment. |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|24| 3/10 | 3/24 | | P7.4-1, P7.5-1, P7.5-2 |
| | | 3/26 | 3/31#| More about p7.4-1: "Determine" |
| | | | | means "find closed-form equations |
| | | | | for." Also, a computer is highly |
| | | | | recommended for making the plots. |
| | | | | Either Mathcad or Matlab would be |
| | | | | a good choice. In Mathcad, the |
| | | | | "if" function might be helpful. |
| | | | | You can look it up in the online |
| | | | | help system. An even more elegant |
| | | | | technique is to use a unit step |
| | | | | function (also in Matlab). |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|23| 3/08 | 3/10 | | P7.3-1, P7.3-6 |
| | | 3/24 | 3/29#| |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|22| 3/05 | 3/08 | | DP 6-5, |
| | | 3/10 | 3/24#| More about DP 6-5: "Unloaded |
| | | | | voltage" means the same thing as |
| | | | | "Thevenin equivalent open circuit |
| | | | | voltage." Also, when you choose |
| | | | | R1 and R2, values below 100 ohms |
| | | | | and above 1 Megohm are impractical |
| | | | | to build. To design an inverting |
| | | | | circuit, connect x to a and b to |
| | | | | ground. To design a non-inverting |
| | | | | amplifier, connect x to b and a to |
| | | | | ground. The "resistance at |
| | | | | terminals x-y seen by the |
| | | | | microphone" is exactly the |
| | | | | resistance a DMM would show if it |
| | | | | was set to measure ohms and then |
| | | | | connected in place of the mic. |
| | | | | Your answer to this problem should |
| | | | | include: |
| | | | | a> A recommendation for either |
| | | | | the inverting or the non- |
| | | | | inverting configuration. |
| | | | | b) Rationale for your |
| | | | | recommendation. |
| | | | | c) Suggested values for R1 and |
| | | | | R2. It is best to keep |
| | | | | resistances near 10 kilohms |
| | | | | in value. They must be |
| | | | | greater than 100 ohms and less|
| | | | | than 1 megohm. |
| | | | | Many different "correct" answers |
| | | | | are possible for this problem. |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|21| 3/03 | 3/05 | | P6.5-4, P6.6-7 |
| | | 3/08 | 3/24#| |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|20| 3/01 | 3/03 | | Read Section 6.4, Do P6.4-1, P6.4-2|
| | | 3/05 | 3/08#| Hint for P6.4-2. The current from |
| | | | | left to right through the 3 kohm |
| | | | | resistor is equal to i . |
| | | | | 0 |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|19| 2/27 | 3/01 | | DP5-1 |
| | | 3/03 | 3/05#| |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|18| 2/23 | 2/27 | | P5.7-1, P5.7-3, P5.7-5 |
| | | 3/01 | 3/05#| |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
| | 2/23 | --- | | Study for test on Wednesday, 2/25 |
| | | --- | --- | |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|17| 2/20 | 2/23 | | DP4-1, P5.6-2, P5.6-4, |
| | | 2/27 | 3/01#| |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|16| 2/18 | 2/20 | 2/27#| DP3-1, P5.5-4, P5.5-6 |
| | | 2/23 | | |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|15| 2/16 | 2/18 | | DP2-3, P5.4-3, P5.5-1 |
| | | 2/20 | 2/23#| Note on DP2-3: Additional power |
| | | | | resistor ratings are in a 2, 5, 10 |
| | | | | sequence, namely 2 W, 5 W, 10 W... |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|14| 2/13 | 2/16 | | P4.7-12 but change the CCVS from |
| | | 2/18 | 2/20#| "5" to "5000" times the current. |
| | | | | P5.3.3, P5.4-2 |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|13| 2/11 | 2/13 | | P4.7-4, P5.3-1, P5.3-5 |
| | | 2/16 | 2/18#| |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|12| 2/09 | 2/11 | | P4.5-5, P4.6-1, P4.7-2 |
| | | 2/13 | 2/16#| |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|11| 2/06 | 2/09 | | P3.4-4, P4.4-4, P4.5-1 |
| | | 2/11 | 2/13#| |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|10| 2/04 | 2/06 | | P3.3-3, P4.4-1, P4.4-3 |
| | | 2/09 | 2/11#| |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
| 9| 2/02 | 2/04 | | P4.3-4, VP2-1 |
| | | 2/06 | 2/09#| |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
| 8| 1/30 | 2/02 | | P3.3-2, P4.3-1 |
| | | 2/04 | 2/06#| (On 2/2 a note about using two |
| | | | | simultaneous equations was |
| | | | | retracted in class. On 2.6 it was |
| | | | | removed from this page.) |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
| 7| 1/28 | 1/30 | | P2.7-1, P2.8-1 |
| | | 2/02 | 2/04#| |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
| 6| 1/26 | 1/28 | | P2.6-2 |
| | | 1/30 | 2/02#| |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
| 5| 1/23 | 1/26 | | P2.5-7, P2.6-1 |
| | | 1/28 | 1/30#| |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
| 4| 1/21 | 1/23 | | DP1-1, Read section 2.3, Do P2.3-1 |
| | | 1/26 | 1/28#| |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
| 3| 1/19 | 1/21 | | P1.6-2 |
| | | 1/23 | 1/26#| |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
| 2| 1/16 | 1/19 | | P1.6-3 |
| | | 1/21 | 1/23#| |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
| 1| 1/14 | 1/16 | | P1.3-1, P1.3-3, P1.3-4 |
| | | 1/19 | 1/21#| |
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
Note 1) Homework must be ready for discussion in class on the
first listed due date. It must be turned in for a final grade on
the second listed due date. Discussion will be 1/4 of the
homework grade.
Note 2) If a "#" follows the "returned" date, then the solution
key is posted on the cork board across the hall from room S233.
Solution keys are generally posted soon after the homework is
returned.
Note 3) Problems sets shown above with no "assigned" date are
tentative. More problems might be added, expected due dates
might change, but problems shown will eventually be assigned.
Note 4) On 2/6 the order of this list was changed from
chronological to reverse chronological.
TEXTBOOK ERRATA (last update
--------------- 4/28/04)
First, see the author's list at
http://www.clarkson.edu/~svoboda/errata/6th.html
In addition, there are the following errata:
Page 168, Table 5.6-1, method 2, part c,
add "Zero all independent sources, then" between the
"(c)" and the pharase "Connect a 1-A current source. . ."
The edited phrase will read:
"Zero all independent sources, then connect
a 1-A source from terminal b to terminal a.
Determine Vab. Then Rt = Vab/1."
Page 186, Problem P5.6-4, answer is i = 1.13 A, ("A" not "V").
sc
Page 285, Problem P7.7-1 There are at least two ways to fix this
problem.
1.) In the problem statement, change "mA" to "A" and "ms" to
"s". In particular, the line that starts with "where" should
read: "where the units of time are seconds and the units of
current are Amperes." After, "The units of p(t) are W and the
units of w(t) are J." add "Time, t, is in seconds."
2.) Alternatively: change the answers to match the given
units. Then
/
| 0 if t <= 0
|
p(t) = | 1.6t if 0 < t < 0.001
|
| 0 if t >= 0.001
\
/
| 0 if t <= 0
| 2
w(t) = | 0.8t if 0 < t < 0.001
| -5
| 8 x 10 if t >= 0.001
\
Where in the answers, the units for p(t) are W, the units for
w(t) are J, and t is in seconds.
Page 339, Problem P8.3-1, answer should be:
-t/750 us
v(t) = 6 - 2e V, t >= 0
Page 386, Table 9.14-2, In the overdamped natural response both
exponents should be positive, as shown here:
A exp(s t) + A exp(s t)
1 1 2 2
Page 387, Problem P9.3-1. The problem statement should read:
"Find the differential equation for v in the circuit..."
C
Also, label v to the left of the capacitor with the "+"
C
label on top. (There are many differential equations "for the
circuit." The v equation is the one sought for the answer.)
C
Page 387, Problem P9.3-2. The problem statement should read:
"Find the differential equation for i in the circuit..."
L
Page 456, Problem P10.7.3. The unit on each current source
should be "A" for amperes, not "V." (Two instances.)
Page 514, Problem P11.4-4. In the answer change
"I = 5 mA" to "I = 4.33 mA"
rms rms
Alternatively, change the illustration to show half cycles of
sin(wt) instead of full cycles of 0.5*(A - Acos(2wt)) for the
non-zero portions of the waveform. Then the correct answer
will be 5 mA.
TESTS (Last update: 5/11/04)
-----
Test #1, Wednesday, 2/25. The test covered Chapters 1 through
4 and through section 5-4 of Chapter 5. Preparation to solve
systems of linear algebraic equations with at most three
unknowns was expected. Closed book, closed notes. A
calculator was allowed (and recommended). Handed back on 2/27.
Lo = 41, Avg = 66, Hi = 98.
Test solutions are posted along with the homework.
Test #2, Friday, 4/2. Closed book, closed notes. A calculator
was allowed and recommended. The test covered Chapter 5
Section 5-5 through Chapter 7 Section 7-5, omitting the
sections on MATLAB (sections 5-8 and 6-9). Material in
problem sets 15 through 24 and Labs 5, 6, and 8 which is
related to the Chapter coverage listed above was also allowed
on the test. Material covered on Test #1 was prerequisite for
this test. (On Wednesday, 3/24 the test date was changed from
3/31 to 4/2.) Handed back on 4/7. Lo = 49, Avg = 78,
Hi = 100.
Final Exam, Tuesday 5/4 from 8:00 am to 10:00 am. Covered the
entire course with emphasis on each topic roughly proportional
to the time spent on the topic. Closed book, closed notes. A
calculator was allowed and recommended. Knowing how to use
complex numbers with your calculator was also recommended.
Tables 9.3-1 and 9-3-2 were included on the exam as given
information--there was no need to memorize them. Material
covered on the final exam was everything covered in the lists
above for Tests #1 and #2 plus all the lab handouts and
homework assignments, plus Chapter 7 Section 7-6 through
Chapter 12 Section 12-4 except for material on MATLAB, coupled
inductors, and transformers. Specifically, Sections 7-11, 10-
14, 11-9, and 11-10 were not covered on the final exam. Raw
scores: Lo = 41, Avg = 74, Hi = 89.
Research Paper Grading is done. Average grade was 2.8 ("C") on a
scale of 4.0. The low was 0.7 ("D-"), the high was 4.0 ("A").
LAB (Last update: 4/30/04)
---
General information about the lab equipment and procedures.
(Requires Internet Explorer 5.x)
Information about future assignments is tentative until the
"ASSIGNED" date.
+===============================================================+
|LB|ASSIGNED| DUE |RETURNED| Problems Assigned (In Dorf & |
| #| / \ | (Svoboda unless otherwise noted) |
|==+=======+=======+=======+====================================|
| 1| 1/14 | --- | --- | Safety and introduction to the |
| | | | | instrumentation |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
| 2| 1/21 | --- | --- | Uncertainty, Tolerances & Loading..|
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
| 3| 1/28 | --- | --- | Power Supplies and Batteries |
| | | | | (no handout) |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
| 4| 2/04 | | | DC Battery tester project |
| | 2/11 | Wed. | | (3 weeks) |
| | 2/18 | 3/10 | | Report due on Wednesday, 3/10 |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
| 5| 2/25 | --- | --- | Introduction to the Oscilloscope |
| | | | | and signal generator |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
| 6| 3/03 | --- | --- | Op amps |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
| 7| 3/10 | 3/24 | | Introduction to circuit simulation |
| | | | | |
| | | | | Related links: |
| | | | | SPICE--A Brief Overview, U Penn |
| | | | | Orcad online manuals (DENIS only) |
| | | | | The Spice Page, UC Berkeley |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
| 8| 3/24 | --- | --- | RL and RC Circuits, step and pulse |
| | | | | responses |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
| 9| 3/31 | --- | --- | RLC Circuits |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|10| 4/07 | --- | --- | Diodes and Rectifiers |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|11| 4/14 | --- | --- | Transistors |
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
|12| 4/21 | --- | --- | Sinusoidal Steady State and Phasors|
|--+-------+-------+-------+------------------------------------|
| | 4/28 | --- | --- | Common Emitter Amplifier |
| | | | | (On 4/28 this lab was cancelled.) |
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
RESEARCH PAPER (Last update: 1/21/04)
--------------
Assigned on the first day of class, 1/14.
Write a paper about a person who contributed to the development
of electrical theory. The paper must explain what motivated the
person to do the work done or how the person's work influenced
culture. Some biographic exposition will be necessary, but the
paper need not be a complete biography.
Graded in two parts: One-third of the grade will be from a
preliminary draft which includes the thesis, outline, and an
annotated bibliography.
FIRST PART, DUE 2/18
Do a literature search. Based on the literature search, write a
thesis statement and outline. Turn this part of the assignment
in when you are done. (Any time before the due date.)
Document your sources of support for your thesis statement with
an annotated bibliography of the relevant literature that you
found. For each source, describe the essence of the content and
how you will use it in your paper. (E.g. "The author believes
that the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission has not done its
job properly. This supports point A1 in my outline.")
Your annotated bibliography must include at least two peer-
reviewed sources and at least five sources in total. Prof. De
Boer has an annotated list of recommended sources available on
the Web at https://dfdeboer.github.io/ddb/DORDTLIT.HTM
Grading:
Your thesis with outline and annotated bibliography will be
graded as follows:
"A" Thesis statement has a limited and manageable scope. It
is no more than three sentences and no more than 100
words. It also expresses a specific and legitimately
debatable point-of-view. The paper will either defend
that point-of-view or present an analysis of the point-of-
view, describing the conditions under which it is likely
to succeed best and the opposing points-of-view.
Your thesis statement must meet the guidelines found in
Write for College. Particularly see 024, 111, 113,
287, and 288.
The thesis is grammatically correct.
The outline clearly supports the thesis. (See Write
for College 116.)
The bibliography contains at least two peer-reviewed sources
and at least five sources over-all. At least two peer-
reviewed sources and five sources over-all are independent of
each other. (Examples of non-independent sources are two
sources by the same author or publisher.)
The annotations for each source show clearly the essential
content of the source that is relevant to your paper and how
you will use the source.
"B" The bibliography requirements for five independent sources
are met and two are peer reviewed. One or a few other
requirements are not met in full.
"C" Serious problems with the Thesis, although a good-faith
effort shows. --OR-- Inadequate Bibliography --OR-- A good-
faith effort on the outline is not evident.
"D" (This grade will not be given.)
"F" Anything less than a "C"
("Good faith" means that several of the parts of the item relate
logically to the context or each other. Conversely, a list
of independent items or equations or quotations taken out-of-
context, etc. show bad faith.)
SECOND PART
Write the final copy of the paper, Due 4/23 at the latest.
Turn this paper in when you are done. (Any time before the due
date.) The final copy of the paper must follow the thesis of the
first part of the work. If you discover that the thesis is
unworkable, you may resubmit the first part for a new first-part
grade based on a new thesis.
VARIOUS LINKS WITH INFO RELATED TO THIS COURSE
----------------------------------------------
Course Syllabus (MS-Word format)
Government Sources on the SI system:
Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (France)
National Institute of Standards and Technology (USA)
Writing Style Guidelines:
IEEE Information for Authors <--Use this for your lab report.
ASME Journal Publication Guidelines (Listed here FYI.)
Other links:
Russ Rowlett's dictionary of units How Many?
National Center for Atmospheric Research e-book,
The Analysis of Observations
See especially Chapter 2
SOME ITEMS ON RESERVE IN THE LIBRARY FOR THIS COURSE
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Robbins, Allan H., Circuit Theory and Practice
This is a non-calculus based textbook.
Edmininster, Joseph, Schaum's Outlines--Electric Circuits
This book has many worked examples in it.
Note: You can read more about these books and others.
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